WHO report links smoking to infertility, says quitting can make meaningful difference

Tobacco use is linked to infertility in women as well as poorer sperm quality and sexual function in men, according to the latest World Health Organisation (WHO) report, which further warned that second-hand smoke may also affect fertility. Women who quit smoking may have a 25% lower infertility risk than continuing smokers, it said.

The report highlighted evidence that tobacco use is associated with potentially lower chances of success for some fertility treatments. It said that evidence on newer products, including e-cigarettes, waterpipes, and smokeless tobacco, is still emerging, stating that while evidence is strongest for cigarette smoking, other tobacco and nicotine products may also pose risks to fertility and require further research.

Globally, one in six people of reproductive age will experience infertility at some point in their lifetime. Infertility is defined as the failure to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sex.