What is the Society of St Pius X? Why Pope Leo excommunicated its members

The Vatican has formally excommunicated the Society of St Pius X (SSPX) after the traditionalist group ordained four bishops without the approval of Pope Leo XIV. This move marks a significant schism within the Catholic Church, rejecting modern reforms from the Second Vatican Council.
Why it matters
The excommunication of a group with 600,000 followers represents a major institutional fracture in one of the world's largest religious organizations.
The Vatican declares ‘schism’ in Catholic Church after bishops were ordained without Pope Leo XIV’s approval.
The article provides a balanced overview of the Vatican's decree and the group's historical grievances.
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