Tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways in melanoma brain metastasis
This academic review examines the tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways that facilitate melanoma metastasis to the brain. It highlights the role of specific proteins and immune cells in creating an environment conducive to tumor growth.
Why it matters
Understanding these biological mechanisms is critical for developing more effective immunotherapies to treat patients with advanced melanoma.
Rafael Rosell 1 , Mar a Gonz lez-Cao 1 , Daniel Olmo-Gonz lez 2,3 , Emilia Hold 2 , Miguel ngel Molina-Vila 4
1 Instituto Oncol gico Dr. Rosell (IOR) , Dexeus University Hospital , Barcelona , Spain ; 2 FIOR Group , Dexeus University Hospital , Barcelona , Spain ; 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain ; 4 Pangaea Oncology , Dexeus University Institute , Barcelona , Spain
Contributions: (I) Conception and design: R Rosell, M Gonz lez-Cao; (II) Administrative support: E Hold; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: D Olmo-Gonz lez; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: M Molina-Vila, D Olmo-Gonz lez; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: M Molina-Vila, D Olmo-Gonz lez; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.
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