Scientists finally solved how H5N1 bird flu hid in dairy cows
Researchers have identified why H5N1 bird flu primarily infects the udders of dairy cows rather than their respiratory systems. This discovery explains the unusual transmission patterns observed in U.S. dairy herds earlier this year.
Why it matters
Understanding the biological mechanism of this virus helps public health officials manage zoonotic risks and protect the food supply.
When H5N1 bird flu began infecting U.S. dairy cattle in early 2024, veterinarians struggled to identify the cause. The virus was difficult to recognize because it behaved very differently in cows than it does in other mammals. Rather than primarily infecting the lungs, H5N1 caused severe infections in the udders while leaving the respiratory system largely unaffected.
The article is a scientific report based on peer-reviewed findings without political framing.
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