Nature's biodegradable plastic could offer clues to today's plastic crisis

Long before humans learned how to turn petroleum into bottles and bags and packaging, nature had already invented her own plastic. These natural polymers have been made for hundreds of millions of years hidden inside microorganisms living in soils, sediments and oceans – and new research suggests animals have been eating and breaking them down for almost as long. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen, Germany, found that a surprisingly wide range of animals have enzymes that can break down polyhydroxyalkanoates, or PHAs. These natural substances are produced by microorganisms as a carbon and energy reservoir, and are now being developed as biodegradable alternatives to conventional plastics.