Immune-Based Endotyping in Type 2 Diabetes
A new study presented at EASD 2026 identifies four distinct immune-based endotypes of Type 2 diabetes using routine blood counts. This classification system allows for better risk stratification and personalized treatment strategies, particularly for cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
Why it matters
This research could transform the management of Type 2 diabetes by moving away from a 'one-size-fits-all' approach toward precision medicine based on biological diversity.
CLINICALLY meaningful subgroups in type 2 diabetes (T2D) can be identified through immune-based endotyping using routine blood counts, according to a new study presented at EASD 2026. The researchers reported that the approach enables robust risk stratification and capture of disease mechanisms.
Type 2 diabetes can be characterised as a highly heterogeneous disease. However, current classifications do not adequately reflect the biological diversity of T2D or guide precision care. As inflammation has a central role in T2D pathophysiology, the authors used routine blood parameters to develop a clinically scalable, immune-based stratification, enabling the identification of patient subgroups with different risk profiles and treatment potential.
Over 1,500 individuals with newly diagnosed T2D were included in an unsupervised clustering analysis of circulating neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts. Individuals were from three independent longitudinal European cohorts from France, Italy, and Germany.
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