How do flocking birds and schools of fish move?

New York University mathematicians have discovered that flocks of birds and schools of fish move similarly to soft crystalline materials. The study suggests that individuals in these groups act like atoms in a lattice, providing new insights for robotics and aerospace engineering.
Why it matters
Understanding the mathematical principles of collective animal movement can lead to advancements in swarm robotics, autonomous vehicle coordination, and energy harvesting.
Flocking birds and schools of fish are a familiar sight. While previous research has uncovered the broad dynamics driving these movements, their underlying intricacies remain a mystery.
The article is a purely scientific report on academic research findings.
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