Glacier break or earthquake? What triggered the Nepal floods? | Explained

A devastating flash flood in Nepal, initially suspected to be caused by an earthquake, has been linked to a massive glacier and rock collapse in the Himalayas. The event resulted in significant loss of life and infrastructure damage across the river systems.
Why it matters
It highlights the increasing risks of climate-related geological disasters in mountainous regions and the importance of accurate scientific monitoring.
The story so far: A devastating flash flood in the Bhote Koshi–Trishuli river system has killed at least 389 people in Nepal and three in Tibet, while more than 1,400 people are reported missing. Hundreds of people have been displaced in affected districts including Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Dhading, Gorkha and Chitwan No deaths have been reported in India so far, but 288 Indian nationals in Nepal remain uncontactable, with 84 Indians rescued and authorities in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh monitoring downstream flood risks. Roads, bridges, homes and hydropower infrastructure have been destroyed, and search, rescue and relief operations are under way.
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