E20 Fuel in India: What is its impact on vehicles and why is it not cheaper than petrol? | Explained
A government-cited study suggests that E20 fuel does not require engine modifications for most vehicles, though some older models may face wear on rubber components. Experts and manufacturers note a potential 3-5% reduction in fuel efficiency due to the lower energy content of ethanol.
Why it matters
As India transitions to E20 fuel, understanding the long-term impact on vehicle maintenance and fuel economy is critical for millions of motorists.
A joint study by Indian Oil Corporation (IOCL), the Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP), the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) and the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) found that E20 fuel does not require engine modifications for cars or two-wheelers, according to the government.
Citing the study in the Parliament, which has not been made public, the government said legacy vehicles (i.e., vehicles manufactured before 2023, when E20-compatible vehicles began to be rolled out of factories) did not show any significant deterioration in performance, abnormal wear and tear, or issues relating to drivability, startability, or compatibility with metal and plastic components when operated on E20. The only exception identified was some BS-III vehicles introduced from April 1, 2005, and manufactured before 2016, where certain rubber parts and gaskets may require replacement during routine servicing.
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