7/12, Khata, Jamabandi or Patta? A guide to land ownership documents across India
This guide explains the various land ownership documents used across different Indian states, such as the 7/12 extract, Khata, and Jamabandi. It highlights how regional naming conventions and administrative systems vary despite serving the same legal purpose.
Why it matters
Understanding these specific documents is essential for property transactions, inheritance, and agricultural loans in India, where land records are managed at the state level.
Whether you're buying a plot, applying for a farm loan or resolving an inheritance dispute, one document is almost always essential: the land record. But because land is a state subject in India, this document has different names and formats across states, even though its purpose remains largely the same.The 7/12 extract (saat-baara)In Maharashtra, the most widely referenced land record is the 7/12 extract, or Saat-Baara Utara. The name comes from two registers under the Maharashtra Land Revenue Code: village form 7, which records ownership and liabilities of the owner, and village form 12, which records crop and cultivation data. Combined, the extract shows the owner's name, survey number, area, soil type, and crops grown, making it central to agricultural land transactions in the state.Khata and khatauniA Khata certificate is a legal document used for computing and filing property tax in Karnataka.
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