10 years of UPI: How can it expand new frontiers for digital payments?

India's Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has seen massive growth over its ten-year history, becoming a global leader in real-time transaction volume. While it has successfully democratized digital payments, officials are now considering how to transition the platform from a zero-cost model to a sustainable financial structure.
Why it matters
UPI serves as a blueprint for digital public infrastructure in developing nations, and its shift toward monetization could impact millions of small merchants and users.
The Unified Payments Interface (UPI), celebrating its tenth anniversary in August this year, is unique in many ways as it democratised technology, altered consumers spending behaviour and elevated India’s position from a consumer of global payment technologies to an exporter of digital public infrastructure.
The article provides a factual overview of growth metrics and policy challenges without taking a political stance.
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